An exhibition of World War Two equipment that I saw yesterday made me think about the way technology has changed in my lifetime. The remarkably quaint and primitive-looking military telephone that I saw there would have been something like state-of-the-art only twenty years before my first day at school.

I thought it might be interesting to compile a list here of the technological innovations that have made the biggest difference to me personally in my own lifetime. Of course nearly every aspect of everyday life has been influenced and changed by the creep of technological progress and the following are just tokens of that really.

Furthermore, none of them is really a single innovation; for example some depend on underlying technologies like the microchip, the LCD display and the transistor which were themselves dramatic and fascinating innovations in their own right.  But here they are anyway, in rough chronological order.

Colour TV

The television had been invented long before I was born, and what a marvel that must have been for the early adopters of that technology – even to stare at fuzzy moving monochrome images on a tiny curved screen must have been a thrill to people who could afford it in the 1940s.

I grew up with television. There were three TV channels in the ’70s, but we could only receive two on our black & white TV: BBC 1 and ITV. The day we got our first colour TV, one day in 1973, was possibly one of the happiest days of my life. I remember sitting down in front of it, awestruck. Colour television was hypnotic; almost hallucinogenic. Even so, most TV programmes were still shown in black & white, as I recall. The TV listings in the Radio Times would cleverly indicate which programmes were to be shown in colour by the inclusion of the word Colour in italics next to the title.

After Colour TV nothing was the same again.

Quartz Timekeeping

In the early ’70s, watches were strictly mechanical, and not particularly accurate. You wound your watch up in the morning, and set it every day or two by a time signal broadcast on the radio, or by the “speaking clock” service available via your telephone.

But in 1975, while watching an episode of Kojak, I was stunned to see Telly Savalas press a button on the side of his watch, thereby causing a row of glowing red numerals to appear upon its dark face. It was possibly the most desirable thing I’d ever seen. A year or two later I had my own LED digital watch, and I was very proud of it. But quite honestly they weren’t particularly practical. The battery would expire every few months, and you had to operate a button to tell the time.

It wasn’t until LCD became the display technology of choice that the digital watch truly came of age. I bought my first LCD watch in 1981 or so. By this time, many analogue watches were also powered by quartz movements. You could now keep your watch in a drawer for a few weeks without having to set the time on taking it out, and you could depend on it being accurate to within a few seconds a week, or better.

Seiko’s advertising at the time claimed that “one day, all watches will be made this way”. But interestingly, the old-fashioned mechanical watch didn’t die out completely. It is still popular with traditionalists, especially customers of more high-end brands like Hublot and Rolex.

A related innovation was the so-called radio-controlled (radio-synchronised, really) timepiece. These work by tuning into a time signal service sourced from an atomic clock and broadcast on shortwave transmitters, at regular intervals.

The first watches to use these were highly expensive and looked a little strange, with a conspicuous receiver module. These days they’re cheap, and look like ordinary watches.

I own four radio-controlled watches, and five radio-controlled clocks. They are accurate to within a small fraction of a second, all the time, and they adjust themselves when British Summer Time comes and goes.

HiFi

I first gained an appreciation of music from watching TV programmes like Top Of The Pops and from listening to my big brother’s records on his mono, portable record player. I must admit I still sometimes miss the smell of the valves warming up when listening to old Beatles songs.

But stereo music listening really was a revelation. My parents’ first stereo HiFi, a Sanyo as I recall, probably wasn’t really all that great. Actually it definitely wasn’t. But it certainly seemed a lot better than their old ‘radiogram’, or my brother’s old record player. I bought one for myself in 1980, a Sony – and that was the business.

The Pocket Calculator

My Dad occasionally brought home an electronic calculator from his place of work in the early ’70s. It was the size of a small typewriter, was powered by mains electricity and had a nixie tube display. I simply could not believe the speed at which it performed what, to me, seemed like complicated arithmetic calculations. You’d key in something like 16 x 23 and the very instant you hit the = key, the solution would be glowing on its display. It didn’t even seem to have to think about it.

By 1977, it was possible to manufacture electronic calculators that were small enough to be powered by a battery, and inexpensive enough to be purchased by anyone who needed to use one. I can’t remember what brand my first calculator was. The first ones had LED displays, like the digital watches of the time. But I do remember putting away my slide rule for good.

Calculators are quite interesting in one sense. I still own, and occasionally use a couple of calculators that I’ve had since the mid ’80s. They aren’t really much different from a calculator that you’d expect to find in a shop today. It seems that, like the shark and the wasp, the pocket calculator has long since reached its evolutionary potential.

The Video Recorder

My parents bought our first VCR in 1981, ushering in a revolution in the art of watching TV in our household. Important broadcasts could now be saved for posterity, and watched over and over again. You didn’t have to hope for a repeat. I recorded every episode of Blackadder II and The Young Ones and watched them repeatedly. Furthermore you didn’t have to miss a programme because another was on a different channel at the same time, or because you were out, or you’d gone to bed.

You could go out and rent, or buy feature films to watch at home. You could even now watch the sort of film that, let’s say, you’d be highly unlikely to see broadcast on one of the mainstream TV channels, in the comfort of your living room.

In the 21st century, video recorders record incoming programmes in original broadcast quality onto a hard drive. They know what time your favourite TV programmes are on, and they will record them for you automatically.

Joy.

The Microcomputer

Computers seemed impossibly complicated and esoteric to me as a young man, even though in many respects they were a fair bit less complicated than they are now. In the 1970s a computer seemed to be a huge thing, requiring its own room, maintained by boffins in white coats and festooned with tape reels and flashing lights. A large corporation or university might own perhaps as many as one of them. I couldn’t really imagine what “computer programming” might entail.

But by the early 1980s, advances in solid state technology and miniaturisation ushered in the age of the ‘microcomputer’ – and brought computing within the reach of ordinary people. My parents bought a Sinclair ZX81 – an impossibly primitive machine with a little touchpad keyboard and a tiny, one kilobyte memory that plugged into the TV. Later they bought a rather more usable 32K BBC Micro. I spent many hours playing computer games, but also learning to write programs in a simple language called BASIC – a pursuit that led to a degree in Computer Science, and a career as an IT specialist.

A lot of people did nothing more adventurous than  playing the games, of course. I must admit my happiest memories of our BBC Micro are of hours spent immersed in the space trading / shoot-em-up game Elite.

By now, most homes have at least one “microcomputer” – the term is redundant now that even the most powerful computers are physically small – and most workplaces have them scattered around their employees’ desks.

The Microwave Oven

To be honest, I don’t recall having been excited by our first microwave oven, acquired one day in 1985. In fact I was wary of it at first. I used to leave the room while it was switched on. But most of the food I eat these days is prepared in a microwave, and certainly it’s an awful lot more convenient than sticking things in saucepans. The microwaveable plastic container, first available in 1986 ushered in the era of the microwave ready meal, and was probably equally important.

Portable Audio

I never did have a Sony Walkman, the cassette player that wasn’t much bigger than a cassette, and allowed people to listen to music “on the go”. But I did buy a portable headphone AM/FM radio with a belt clip in 1984. I bought a smaller one ten years later when I lived in London, and it accompanied me everywhere – on the tube and train commuting to and from work, and walking around the West End on a Saturday. To this day it’s rare for me to leave the house without my portable radio if I’m likely to be walking or cycling for any appreciable duration. In the late ’90s I bought a MiniDisk player that allowed me to carry a few records around with me. I now have an MP3 player that contains more than 700 albums, with room to spare.

Digital Audio

The great enabling factor of portable audio is of course the possibility to represent music (or speech, or whatever) in a digital format that can be squeezed into an electronic storage medium. But it was in traditional, home music-listening that digital audio first made its mark – in the form of the Compact Disc. I bought my first CD player in 1992, although they had been available for a few years before that.

Compact Discs were physically smaller than vinyl records. They were a lot more tolerant of minor scratches, and they didn’t wear out. You could now skip from one track to another at the press of a button. You could play them in a car. And despite what some luddites will tell you, even to this day – they provided substantially better audio quality than vinyl as well.

Later came the MiniDisk and the MP3; formats using a compressed representation intended to allow music to be listened on portable devices. In recent years it has been possible to buy and download a music album in a matter of minutes, even in a lossless format, thanks to the ease with which digital information can be transferred over a network.

The Internet

This is the big one, for me. It’s just not possible to overstate its influence.

It’s probably instructive to think of it as having two phases. When I first sat down in front of an Internet-enabled workstation in the ’90s, relatively few people had access to the World Wide Web and email. As it became available to the public in general, no longer the domain of academics and technology professionals, most people who used it gained access via a slow, dialup connection.

Even in this early phase, the Internet was massive for me. Being able to communicate with people in different countries every day on messageboards or via email, browse websites dedicated to particular interests, look up information using an Internet search – this was all invaluable to me.

Later, as broadband Internet connections took over from dialup connections and computers became more powerful and capable, the Internet gained a new role as a multimedia platform – in the 21st century it became possible to listen to radio and TV programmes in high quality, or download films and music in large quantities.

These days I do most of my shopping online, on the Amazon site or at play.com. I do my banking online. I’m able to work from home thanks to my Internet connection. The company I work for, like many others, relies on the Internet to provide its services.

The really nice thing about the Internet is the number of services it provides access to that are free to use. Google Maps, Outlook Mail, file-sharing facilities like Dropbox. Operating Systems like Linux and FreeBSD can be downloaded free of charge. Thousands of videos of varying quality can be viewed at YouTube at no cost. Photos can be shared on free sites like Flickr. You can share information on Facebook, Tumblr and Twitter for free. This blog and many others like it are, of course, free to read as well.

I don’t suppose there’ll be a technological innovation again in my lifetime that will make as much difference as the Internet did. But who knows?

The Mobile Phone

I first saw a mobile phone in 1987, on a train to Stevenage. It was being operated by a rather self-important-sounding managerial / executive person, issuing instructions to his minions back at the office. It was huge. It looked a bit like a walkie-talkie from a Vietnam war film.

By 1994 or so mobile phones had started to become relatively affordable, and small enough to carry around on a belt clip. I decided I had to have one by Christmas that year, and after an awful lot of deliberation and research, I bought one from the Orange shop at Liverpool Street Station. I didn’t actually think I needed it, but had decided that it would be a simply awesome gadget, or ‘toy’ if you prefer. My Nokia Orange 2140 was a primitive phone by today’s standards, certainly. It was actually considered a small phone at the time, about the size of two cigarette cartons, but it was too heavy to keep in a suit pocket. It didn’t last long before recharges. You could send text messages using its mono, character-only LCD screen, but only in upper case. It cost £250, in addition to the contract.

Sometime before every teenager seemed to have one, in the first few years of the 21st century, the mobile phone had lost its appeal as a professional status symbol. Now of course, a mobile phone can be a computer, Internet terminal, media player and camera as well as a telephone.

Digital Photography

I was a fairly keen photographer before I acquired my first digital camera in 2000. But it’s fair to say that my interest was transformed by it. Photography already had a long and distinguished history, yet I would argue that it only came of age on the day the first digital camera rolled off the production line.

In fact my first digital camera only had the necessary capacity to store about 70 photos on a 35MB memory card, only the equivalent of about two rolls of film. But I didn’t have to buy the film in the first place. More importantly I didn’t have to take my photos to a lab to have them processed. I could transfer them to my computer and see them immediately. I could tinker with the contrast, sharpen them, crop them, touch them up. And I could share them with friends and family anywhere in the world, or post them onto a public forum, within minutes. You can share your holiday photos while you’re still on holiday, using a laptop or even directly from a smartphone.

These days memory cards are cheap and hugely capacious. A 4GB card costing about £5 will hold about 1500 photos in my Pentax DSLR; that’s roughly the equivalent of 40 36-exposure rolls of film. And it can of course be used time and time again.

WiFi

The introduction of wireless network cards made using Internet-connected computers at home, and in some work environments, much easier. You didn’t have to worry about being close to an ethernet socket or dragging a long cable to your router or modem. In the present day, every laptop and smartphone has it built in so you can carry them around the house while connected. WiFi also allows Internet access to be provided easily in hotels, cafes and bars. Of course, if you haven’t set your router up properly it also allows your neighbours, and possibly even random passers-by to use your Internet connection. But it’s easy to prevent that if you know what you’re doing.

Flat Panel Monitors and TVs

Admittedly they don’t really do much different than their CRT ancestors, other than providing much higher resolution (thereby providing a medium for High Definition TV programmes and films). But they take up a lot less space even though they allow for much bigger screens, and they look nicer. A lot easier to carry around, as well, if you need to do that.

The present LCD technology which is used for these devices is an interim measure. Flat panel screens will come of age when technologies like AMOLED, which don’t require backlighting, can be used at an affordable cost.

Plasma screens don’t require backlighting of course, but let’s be honest – they don’t look that good either.

SatNav

I first bought a GPS receiver in the mid ’90s. It was a lot of fun to use, and actually quite useful for navigating around London – even though it had no built-in maps. It just told me how far away my destination was, and pointed the direction. I’d have to guess at which roads to take, but at least I never felt completely lost.

But satellite-guided navigation really came into its own with the advent of the SatNav – a GPS device that had two important additional features – a set of maps, and the logic to plan a route to your destination from your current position. I bought one of these three years ago for £99, and it has been absolutely invaluable for travelling by car. Gone are the days when you had to pore over a map to plan your route, or ask someone for directions after getting lost. Even when driving in France this year it provided clear and accurate navigation all the way from the English Channel to the Atlantic Coast.

Many smartphones and tablets have a GPS receiver built in, and the necessary maps and apps to provide SatNav functionality can often be found for free.

I first attended a Rush concert when the band played Newcastle City Hall on their first UK tour in 1977, a few weeks before my 17th birthday. I was already a massive fan, and I’ve been to see them on each of their visits to the UK since then. The main purpose of going in recent years though has been to make sure I “have the set” of British tours, and that was my foremost thought when, in May last year, I bought a ticket to see the band on their 2013 tour, in Manchester.

But a few weeks after my ticket was ordered, the band released Clockwork Angels, by a huge distance their best album for at least twenty-five years, and probably thirty. I found myself looking forward to this tour with the sort of enthusiasm I hadn’t felt since the Signals tour in 1982, and bought a ticket for a second concert when a number of decent seats at Sheffield Arena became available a few months later. In the weeks leading up to the start of the tour, my Rush-conversant Facebook friends and I had built a remarkable sense of anticipation by discussing the forthcoming tour online endlessly. I’d run a sort of Rush tour ‘advent calendar’ by posting photos I’d taken from the front row on their 2011 Time Machine tour to count down each of the last twenty days before the Manchester show, the first night.

At 12:30pm on 22nd May, having eyed the clock excitedly all morning, I logged out of my computer, carried an overnight bag to the car then drove off in the direction of Greater Manchester. About eighty miles later I’d arrived in Altrincham, where I parked the car and bought a tram ticket to Manchester’s Victoria Station, a short distance from my hotel.

The ride into the city should have taken no longer than twenty minutes. Thanks to a signal failure requiring every driver on the route to ask permission to cross a red light, it took about forty. But I found the hotel quickly after arriving and it wasn’t long before I’d checked in, dumped my bag and set off in pursuit of a gathering of Rush chums at a pub on Deansgate.

The Moon Under Water holds one happy memory for me in particular – I first met my Finnish girlfriend Sari there at a similar gathering before a Rush concert in 2004 and I hadn’t been back there since, so it was quite a sentimental occasion for me. An assortment of friends from the Internet Rush community was already present as I arrived, so I ordered a beer and got stuck into the important business of discussing the merits of various Rush records and the inadequacies of certain other Rush fans of our mutual acquaintance, who weren’t of course present.

I’d also arranged to meet there my old school chum Barry, a fellow veteran of Rush gigs at Newcastle in the ’70s, and I was delighted to see him arrive an hour later. I hadn’t seen him since 1985, so we had quite a lot of catching up to do. I was pleased to find that age had not mellowed him and amused to discover that thirty years of living in Liverpool had furnished him with a pronounced Merseyside accent.

Shortly after 7pm, we left the cosy confines of the pub to stroll along to the venue, the Manchester Evening News Arena. I took my fourth row seat and spent a few minutes chatting and waving to familiar faces in the audience nearby. Finally the lights went down at around 7:40pm, the ridiculous intro film appeared, and the band took the stage.

A present-day Rush performance is a very different proposition than it was when I was first a fan. I used to loathe the American habit of using the word “show” to refer to a rock concert. But these days, certainly for Rush anyway, that’s exactly what it is.

A huge arena. Long and annoying comedy videos. Elaborate stage sets, animated screens, a massive light show. Instrumental passages, harmonies and backing vocals being performed by recordings; everything choreographed to nanosecond accuracy, synchronised to a click track. Members of the road crew appearing randomly on stage in bizarre costumes from time to time, in the relentless pursuit of entertainment. A rotating drum kit. And a string section!

It couldn’t really be more showbiz if Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers came on to tap dance during the encore and to be frank, it is not really the experience of a real band playing live music that it used to be a few decades ago. Nonetheless, they are still entirely capable of virtuoso performances of impressive energy for a three piece band with a collective age of 180.

The big surprise for me was the selection of songs, which was essentially a showcase of their ’80s material in the first set, and of their new album in the second. I enjoyed both sets very much. But their absolute best material from the apex of their career in the late ’70s was almost completely ignored. In fact it was fully THREE HOURS after the band took the stage before they played the one, solitary ’70s tune of the evening.

For one who attended stellar Rush concerts in the ’70s, that seemed a little sad. This was certainly not a concert for the connoisseur; frankly there’s no doubt at all that the setlist at my first Rush concert in 1977, when the three young Canadians had four studio albums from which to choose material, was stronger than this one, after nineteen. Of course Geddy struggles these days with the material they recorded in their twenties, with its famously energetic and improbably high-pitched vocal delivery. But La Villa Strangiato, the exquisite 1978 instrumental which has been a concert highlight throughout their career would have gone some way to restoring the balance; so would the R30 Overture – the instrumental medley of classic Rush tunes that the band prepared for its 30th anniversary tour in 2004. I suspect that they find it difficult these days to relate to their very best work, sadly. It felt a little like self-denial; almost an attempt to rewrite history.

Nonetheless the band has some brilliant post-’70s material in its canon without a doubt, and thanks to the strength of the new stuff in the second set, it was actually overall the most consistently strong Rush performance I’d seen since the Hold Your Fire tour in 1988. Songs from the new album really came to life in a live setting, powerfully supported by the Clockwork Angels String Ensemble, sawing away at their instruments with verve and gusto. I thought that The Anarchist and Clockwork Angels, enhanced by a powerful light show with moving screens, were especially stunning. A couple of crowd-pleasing classics, YYZ and The Spirit Of Radio were rolled out to finish off the second set, then after a rousing Tom Sawyer, the boys knocked out an energetic, yet somehow slightly perfunctory and certainly highly abbreviated rendition of 2112, their only nod to the first chapter of their career. Ah well – yay!

It was, in the end, despite my reservations and a sense of an opportunity missed, a brilliant gig. I left the arena feeling content, and after chatting for a minute or two to a clutch of Rush pals I’d run into outside, walked back to the hotel. I’d had a thoroughly good time. And I’d ticked the box! Still got the set.

I encountered another pleasing selection of Rush comrades in the hotel bar, and chatted with them for half an hour or so, over a packet of crisps and a couple of Irish whiskies. I’m something of a legend in the Rush fan community – “Rush fan royalty” is the term I normally use – so it was rather nice for them, I thought, to be able to make a memorable evening just that little bit more special by meeting up with me. I was pleased for them.

I retired to my room, made use of the hotel’s rather stingy free half hour of WiFi to post a one-line review of the show to Facebook from my Android phone, then made the most of the disappointingly insubstantial quilt provided, and slept.

I rose earlier than I’d expected the next day, at about 09:15. I’d taken the whole day off work, so the world was my metaphorical oyster. Manchester city centre was, anyway. I checked out, wandered around a few shops then visited Starbucks for a very nice and very large coffee, accompanied by a croissant. I browsed the shops for another hour or so, then hopped on a tram to Altrincham, where I was reunited with my car. I arrived home in Leicestershire at about 1:30pm.

Later that afternoon, as I shared a few more reflections on the events of the previous evening and sorted through the many photographs I’d taken at the show, some of which are shown here – I realised that I had been overcome by a certain “job done” feeling. I had a tenth row ticket for another date on the tour at Sheffield, in a few days’ time, but I just didn’t really feel a need to go. Having already spent a small fortune on the Manchester ticket, the hotel and overnight parking in Altrincham, I thought I’d call it quits and recoup some of my expenses. I put my second ticket up for sale that night, and by the following morning (Friday), it was in the post to a Rush pal.

By Sunday though, I had started to feel a bit of remorse. An excellent fourth row ticket was offered that afternoon by a fan who couldn’t now make the Sheffield gig. I jumped on it. In the end, my indecision had rewarded me with a better seat.

So it was that at 5pm on Tuesday 28th May, I leaped into my car and aimed it up the M1 in the direction of South Yorkshire. It was a rainy day and the traffic was heavy in places, but I arrived at Sheffield Motorpoint Arena about eighty minutes later. I parked the car there and set off in pursuit of a person called Chris, from whom I had arranged by text message to pick up the ticket.

I met him at Nando’s, a short walk from the venue. He was a pleasant young man, dressed in t-shirt and shorts. He asked if I’d seen Rush before. I told him that I had, many times, the first being in 1977. “I wish I’d been born then!”, he exclaimed.

I replied that in some ways, I wished I hadn’t. I thanked him and headed for the pub which seemed to have been nominated, slightly uncertainly, as the pre-concert meeting place of the Rush fan community. On arriving there though, I found only one fellow Rush fan, a gentleman named Andy. We had never met before, but recognised each other from photographs posted at various times on the website we both frequent.

This was undoubtedly the oddest episode of the whole UK Rush tour story, for me. We had often crossed swords, and occasionally punctured each other with them – and I knew him as one of the most remarkably precious, deliberately antagonistic and unapologetically hostile individuals I had ever encountered on the World Wide Web. Yet in real life, he was thoroughly pleasant – quite honestly as disarmingly charming and personally warm as any Rush fan I’ve ever met. Some people seem to maintain a persona online which is markedly different from their real personality. I don’t really understand it – but each to their own, and I had no doubt after having a drink or two with him that Andy’s pleasant in-person demeanour was genuine.

And so the appointed time came, and we made the ten minute walk to the arena. I stopped to chat to a few Rush chums outside, then made my way inside where I encountered a few more. When I got to my seat I was pleased to see yet more familiar faces around me. We chatted, or waved at each other in the distance. Everyone was in great spirits, and I was glad that I’d had a change of heart and made the effort to do a second show.

The concert itself was of course essentially the same as the Manchester show, but with a couple of changes to the setlist. The same emphasis on ’80s material was evident but I was delighted to hear two tunes in particular that hadn’t been played at Manchester – The Body Electric, from the 1984 Grace Under Pressure album, and Manhattan Project, from 1985’s Power Windows. The band played with a little more fire and energy this time. More importantly though there was an atmosphere in the audience that hadn’t been evident at Manchester – a certain shared sense of joy reminiscent of a Rush concert in September 1979 that turned in a sort of quasi-religious experience.. the people raise their hands .. as if to fly! A young lady a couple of rows in front of me was wearing angel wings and flying goggles, in keeping with the Clockwork Angels theme. She was dancing, extending her arms, living and breathing every second of the show. Her obvious joy and enthusiasm made the experience a bit more special, whenever she caught my eye.

It was over all too soon.

I had a feeling during the concert I attended in Newcastle on the 2011 tour that I might be seeing my favourite band for the last time, and I remember thinking that it would be a good way to bow out of my Rush concert-going career – in the town where I first saw them as a teenager. But I could never have anticipated that they would release an album as strong as Clockwork Angels a year later, and I’m glad to have had a chance to see them again, not once but twice, thirty-six years after that memorable night in 1977.

And who knows? Perhaps it won’t be the last.

It’s the last day of the 2012-13 Premier League football season, and I thought I’d take an opportunity here to mark the passing of a number of prominent figures who have decided to bring down the curtain on their career.  Father Time has taken a heavy toll this year.

Sir Alex Ferguson, manager of Manchester United for twenty-seven years; widely regarded as one of the greatest football managers of all time and certainly one of the most successful. He won the Premier League title thirteen times, and the Champions League twice. He will lead Manchester United onto the field of play for the final time, this afternoon.

Paul Scholes, the midfielder who spent his entire career with Manchester United and gained sixty-six England caps. His enviable record includes eleven Premier League titles, two Champions League trophies and three FA Cups. Today marks his final appearance for his club, and in professional football.

Michael Owen, who made his name as a striker at Liverpool but went on to play for two of the world’s great clubs, Real Madrid and Manchester United. He played for England eighty-nine times, memorably scoring a hat-trick against Germany in 2001. He will make his final appearance as a professional footballer this afternoon, for Stoke City.

Jamie Carragher, the defender who joined Liverpool FC in 1990 and spent his entire career there. His career honours include two FA Cup wins and the Champions League. He made thirty-eight appearances for England before retiring from international football for the second time and will play his final game for Liverpool today.

David Beckham, the iconic figure who made his first team debut for Manchester United at the age of seventeen. He went on to play for Real Madrid, LA Galaxy, AC Milan and finally Paris St Germain, where he brought an emotional close to his career as a player last night. Beckham played for his country one-hundred and fifteen times, a record for an outfield player. He was England’s captain in fifty-eight of those games.

Horrible scenes in the news yesterday, when two bombs exploded near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing three people and injuring many more.

I’ve visited Boston myself – it’s a beautiful place in some ways, with leafy open spaces and a bit more sense of history and tradition than most American cities. What you may not know is that it’s also a city with a rather unfortunate historical association with terrorism.

The Provisional IRA raised substantial amounts of money for their campaign of violence there for years. Some of the bars in the city used to help out during the “troubles” by selling drinks called “Car Bomb” and “Kill A Brit”.

In June 1981, the Massachusetts House of Representatives even adopted a resolution calling for the withdrawal of British Consul General Philip McKearney from Boston unless his government gave in to the five demands of republican terrorist convicts on hunger strike in British prisons.

Perhaps one or two of the Bostonians who used to casually toss coins into a collection tin for the Provos during the ’70s and ’80s might have seen some of the images on the news, and reflected on the error of their ways.

Terrorism. Not quite so funny on your own doorstep, eh?

A sad day for the people of Britain and indeed for those who celebrate freedom and democracy the world over. Baroness Margaret Thatcher died this morning at the age of 87.

It is impossible to overstate her influence or her impact on the fortunes of these islands. She was a shopkeeper’s daughter from Grantham who became the first woman Prime Minister of the United Kingdom at the age of 53, in May 1979.

When Mrs Thatcher came to power, Great Britain was, famously, the sick man of Europe, a country on its knees. Militant trade unionism and a world-owes-me-a-living culture engendered by socialism and the welfare state had devastated British manufacturing and exported jobs abroad in their millions. Public services turned into inefficient state monopolies by Labour were losing money hand over fist. Inflation was in double figures. A British Chancellor of the Exchequer, Denis Healey, had been reduced to begging for a loan at the feet of the International Monetary Fund. By February 1979, the infamous Winter of Discontent, the unions were holding government to ransom by orchestrating strikes in essential services, literally allowing rubbish to pile up in the streets. The dead were going unburied in Liverpool and Greater Manchester.

She was the Prime Minister who had the determination and courage to bring to an end decades of decline following the war. She set free the nationalised industries, making them viable and efficient enterprises. She defended the right of the people’s democratically elected government to govern, where leaders before her of both political complexions had surrendered to the trade union barons.

When a foreign power presumed to raise its flag on British territory, the Falkland Islands, in 1982, she led our armed forces to victory against them, ensuring that Argentina’s piracy was defeated. When Irish republican terrorists went on hunger strike in British prisons, she was happy to allow them to kill themselves rather than give in to their demands.

But for me the engagement which most defines her time in power occurred in March 1984, when Arthur Scargill’s National Union of Mineworkers picked a fight with her government. The militant trade unions had been accustomed to having their own interests take precedence over the policies of democratically elected governments for years, but Mrs Thatcher decided that it was time for the British people to win for once. Her government had, after all, won a General Election by a landslide only eight months earlier. Scargill by contrast had not even dared to ballot his own members.

A year later the people had indeed won, and the political landscape was transformed. The hard left unions had been neutered. Their corrosive capacity to disrupt British industry and send jobs abroad, as they had done to such devastating effect in the ’60s and ’70s, was greatly diminished. And they had forever lost their power to superimpose their own hard left agenda over the people’s choice of government. As Norman Tebbit put it so well, “we didn’t just break the strike – we broke the spell”.

Thatcher has often been described as a “divisive” figure, but that badly misses the point. The British Left’s opposition to her, aided and abetted by a broadcast media largely sympathetic and supportive to them, was bitter and vitriolic. Her great crime from their point of view was her success. She had proved them wrong, consigned socialism in this country to the dustbin of history, made ours a society in which we could take pride, once again. How could the Left forgive that? She was the architect of the proud, economically prosperous and self-reliant Britain that arose from the ashes of the industrial nation destroyed by the Labour movement. In a real sense, she was the Mother of our Nation.

It’s true to say that there was no great consensus for the course she planned, but had she waited for that, she could never have wrought the dramatic transformation in the fortunes of our country that she did. She was a conviction politician, not a consensus politician, as she famously declared herself.

But she won the three General Elections that she fought by decisive majorities. Her convictions always carried the weight of a democratic mandate, and she always made it count – because she was a winner. She defeated Labour in three successive General Elections. She defeated the republican hunger strikers, the Argentines, the GLC and the NUM. She won her battle over the economy in the early ’80s. She even played a large part in facing down the Soviet Union and bringing to an end the Cold War.

Perhaps the definitive mark of her precious legacy is that the first Labour government following her time in power, having already abandoned Clause 4 of its constitution in opposition, adopted a programme of privatisation of its own.

Each of us who considers him or herself proud to be British owes her a debt of gratitude we can never repay. She was and will remain a massive inspiration to me personally, for her vision and her singularity of purpose. I have never heard a serious criticism of her that wasn’t essentially clueless or spiteful. Perhaps our present Prime Minister, David Cameron, has put it best:

“She didn’t just lead our country, she saved our country”.

The Daily Mail ran a particularly lurid headline this morning, concerning the case of Mick Philpott, the Derby man who was yesterday found guilty of the manslaughter of six of his children, who died in a fire.

The essential problem with the Mail’s front page of course is that the children’s deaths and the circumstances that caused them are not actually a product of the welfare state.

But without a doubt, the spectacle of a man like Philpott being able to father seventeen kids by five women and send the bill to the taxpayers without doing a day’s work himself is, in its own right, an important and indeed topical news piece.

Nonetheless the newspaper has drawn shrieks of indignation on Twitter, as it always does. It seems to me that, unedifyingly sensationalist though it undoubtedly is, the Daily Mail provides a useful public service. It is a sort of social media idiot magnet, that draws out of the woodwork people who will happily become apologists for any cause, no matter how vile, in order to align themselves against the publication they love to hate.

My own view is that the British welfare state is probably the single greatest crime perpetrated by a nation state against the totality of its people. Apart from being a black hole for taxpayers’ money, it contributed in no small part to the world-owes-me-a-living culture which did so much to export our jobs and industries abroad in the ’60s and ’70s. More importantly in the present day, it has created and sustains a self-perpetuating benefits underclass which is a reservoir for crime and anti-social behaviour.

The Mail has at least provoked public debate about that, at the very time the government has embarked on a mission to set things right.

One consequence of the relative low cost of computing equipment these days is that a lot of people of modest intellect are able to express themselves to a global public. While this isn’t always a good thing, it does allow a direct insight into the beliefs of people from other cultures who wouldn’t once have had a voice, some of them remarkable and confounding. I was confronted, not for the first time, by one such particular belief recently on Facebook.

As extraordinary as it may seem, some Americans look upon personal firearm ownership as a way of safeguarding their democracy. It is for them the freedom which guarantees their other freedoms, and when the time comes, they imagine themselves taking on and defeating their reasonably well-trained and very well-equipped armed forces with their handguns and hunting rifles, confident that their shotguns will stop a column of the US Army’s tanks dead in its tracks on the black day when they roll into their neighbourhood.

Not only this, but despite catastrophic gun death statistics in the United States, they view responsible gun controls in other countries as an infringement of personal liberties. It’s a similar mindset to that which sees government-provided health care described as one of the trappings of “tyranny”. You may have seen the activities of the “Tea Party” movement on the news in recent years. It represents a bafflingly incoherent but surprisingly persistent strand of opinion on the Western side of the Atlantic.

To be clear – not all Americans are deluded in this way. But what feeds this insane worldview is a central obsession of American political culture – the view of the United States of America as a uniquely free country; one that protects and nurtures the liberty of its people like no other.

The massive irony in all this that prompted me to write this piece, is that this vision of America as a beacon of freedom and democracy is actually a myth.

True, no other nation fixates on the concept of freedom so prominently in its national psyche. But without making so much fuss about it, the people of other countries – certainly including the United Kingdom and other Western European nations – actually enjoy substantially healthier democracy and greater individual freedom than do the citizens of the United States.

Perhaps some readers may be intrigued to learn that the Land of the Free is really the Land of the Less Free than Most Other Western Nations – though it is, broadly-speaking, a democracy to be clear, albeit a compromised one. It would be an exaggeration to pretend otherwise.

But as one who has worked there, I have to say that it is a surprisingly authoritarian society; policed by armed men and in mainstream society strikingly obedient. For example – would you believe that Americans who work abroad are compelled to pay income tax to the US exchequer? Or that it is illegal for them to bring back a cigar from Cuba, even for personal use? I cannot imagine for a moment either of these measures being tolerated by British people. There is a rather uncomfortable sense in which Americans are serfs rather than citizens, and just to underline that point, congressional sessions, local government meetings and even school days often start with the recital of a pledge of allegiance to their flag. It’s a strikingly militarist society too, where service in the armed forces is seen by some as a sort of civic duty.

The business of government in the United States is substantially less accountable than that to which we are accustomed here in the UK. There is no American equivalent of Prime Minister’s Questions, in which our head of government must face hostile questioning from his or her peers in the main legislative house each week. Nor does plurality of opinion flourish there; it is in fact the only industrialised nation without a significant Labour movement or socialist party. Even as a Conservative, I would find that troubling.

And of course in the United States, the head of government is also the head of state, unlike modern republics like Ireland and Germany which maintain a healthy distinction between the two roles.

Undoubtedly, the American political system allows for a populace that is unusually easily led, compared to other democracies. The famous mission to rid Saddam Hussein’s Iraq of its Weapons of Mass Destruction, overwhelmingly rejected by European public opinion ten years ago for the transparent sham that it was, met with broad acceptance from the American public at the same time. Naturally though there will always be dissent, and when students at Kent State University protested against their armed forces’ incursion into Cambodia in 1970, four of them were shot dead by the Ohio National Guard.

The United States incarcerates a higher proportion of its population than any other country in the world, and it maintains a death penalty. The right to life is respected in all circumstances in every other modern democratic nation.

Many Americans view their constitution, the same document that underpins their right of access to dangerous weapons, as being the ultimate guarantor of their liberty. That this is absolute nonsense is borne out by a casual examination of their history. Did you know for example that as recently as 1967, interracial marriage was illegal in some states? There has never been a law against interracial marriage in Britain, and as far as I’m aware the only Western European country that ever passed such a law into statute is Nazi Germany.

At around the same time, housing, medical care, education, employment, and public transport in the US was managed according to race. I ask British readers: can you imagine that being tolerated here in the 20th century? It is not something that has happened in this country since Anglo-Saxon times. But neither the United States Constitution nor its second amendment ever prevented “colored” Americans, in the parlance of the time, from being required to give up their seats on a bus to white people when necessary as a matter of policy. That particular policy, by the way, was one that was enforced by the threat of deadly force from bus drivers with firearms.

Yet despite all of this, some Americans subscribe to an idea known as “American exceptionalism”, in which the United States is imagined to be in a unique position to spread democracy and freedom throughout the world – ironically partly by virtue of the fact that their young nation represents a breaking away from the norms of a continent which in reality has in large measure come to protect and maintain the freedoms of its peoples more successfully than their own.

It is interesting to speculate how this self-congratulatory and ultimately false self-image arose within American culture. My own suspicion is that it has its roots in their War of Independence, and specifically the rhetoric employed in the propaganda used to rally the colonists to that cause. It must surely be sustained in the present by a general ignorance of life outside the United States.

My main camera, albeit I will admit to using a compact more frequently, is a Pentax K100D Super digital SLR. However I saw a near-mint second-hand Nikon D70 body for sale recently at the very reasonable price of £80, and since I own a useful and completely compatible Nikon autofocus zoom lens that’s a hangover from a film SLR I had years ago, I took the plunge and now have a backup camera.

They are similar cameras in some respects – consumer level cameras offered at roughly the same price point when new and with the same resolution sensor (3008×2000). The Pentax is a more modern design by two or three years and I’d have to say that it shows in some respects – it has a more compact body and a larger LCD display, and in addition it has shake reduction and automatic sensor cleaning, neither of which the Nikon has. The Pentax is also able to take AA rechargeable batteries that can be purchased in any supermarket, and maintained with a generic charger. The Nikon has its own proprietary rechargeable power unit with a special charger. Less importantly the Pentax takes SD cards, which I prefer. The Nikon uses the older Compact Flash media.

However the D70 was a well-regarded camera in its day, so I thought a side-by-side test might be in order, to evaluate its suitability as a backup in combination with my old Nikkor 28-70 f/3.5-4.5 zoom, which is the only lens it’s ever likely to be used with.

Now admittedly, this is not a particularly meaningful comparison in some ways. My Nikkor 28-70 is undoubtedly a bit nicer than the kit lens the D70 was sold with – indeed it’s described here as “the fastest and best super-compact midrange zoom ever made by Nikon” – and both cameras are discontinued now. Furthermore the lens I use primarily with the Pentax, and wanted to compare, is inherently dissimilar, being an 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 zoom.

Still I thought it would be interesting if nothing else, so I set both cameras to AUTO mode, both lenses to 50mm and stepped out of my front door to capture the same scene with each this evening. Both cameras were set to store their images in the maximum quality JPEG mode, since that’s what I normally shoot with. And here’s what I got; Pentax first, Nikon second. I have resized the images so that they will fit into the narrow confines of my blog, but they are otherwise untouched (and saved using the same image quality settings from the image editor I used). What was immediately apparent was that the Pentax image was a little sharper, and decidedly higher contrast.

I should stress here though that the following is not exactly a scientific comparison. For one thing having examined the EXIF data from each, they used different shutter speed / aperture combinations.

The image sizes are only slightly different – the Nikon comes in at 2300k, the Pentax 2456k – which might indicate that the Pentax converts to JPEG at a slightly higher level of quality, or it might mean that it uses a less efficient algorithm, or possibly that there’s a little more detail being encoded.

The following two images are expanded (again using exactly the same method) from a 120×79 region of the Pentax and Nikon source images, respectively. Again it’s apparent that the Pentax image offers higher contrast and a bit more sharpness, but I don’t think there’s anything to choose between them as far as resolution is concerned. I suspect that the Pentax is doing a little bit of post-processing on-camera. You can of course tweak contrast and sharpness to your heart’s content in an image editor, and I often do.

I’ve only taken a few shots with it, none of them in particularly challenging conditions, but so far I’m very happy with the performance of the Nikon with this lens. I think it’s probably fair to say that the K100D Super’s sensor outperforms that of the D70, but at this focal length (and probably over most of their common range) the Nikkor 28-70 has the edge over the Pentax 18-55. However given that the Pentax lens was shooting at f8, open a little wider than the Nikon, it has more than held its own in this modest test.

So in summary – although the Pentax is still my SLR of preference, the Nikon will make a thoroughly acceptable backup.

Since I was 16 or so, I’ve wanted to visit Toronto – the home town of my favourite band, the extraordinary power-prog trio, Rush.

I haven’t got round to that yet. But after reading an article written about one of their albums, I thought I’d try to pay a “virtual” visit, using Google Street View, to the place where their early albums were recorded – Toronto Sound Studio.

A little bit of Internet research uncovered the street address – 14, Overlea Boulevard – and about a minute after the idea popped into my head, I was there – immersed in those moveable, three-dimensional frozen panoramic views that Google’s camera cars have captured for posterity. It is – or was, a modest-looking place on a dual carriageway amid lots of open space.

I was surprised to see this. Not really because I had imagined a recording studio in the hustle and bustle of a city, amid busy streets and tall buildings, although I had – but quite honestly because any geographical location seems incongruous in that context. Other than concert recordings, which do provide an irresistible association with a time and a location, music seems abstract, seems to have a new life in the here and now every time it’s played, independent of mere points in space and time. We can forget that it’s actually the sound of something happening, at some real-life location, at some time in the past.

Those first four Rush albums hold a special magic and mystique for me that the later albums generally don’t – because they were recorded before I became a fan. They are the real-deal, classic Rush records that made the band’s name.

And here’s where they happened, an anonymous-looking single storey building on an unremarkable dual carriageway that looks like it could be in any town of substantial size in Europe or North America. Yet when you hear (say) Alex’s guitar solo in Bastille Day or Twilight Zone, or (perhaps) Geddy’s dramatic vocal in Oracle: The Dream from 2112 – it’s happening in there.

Toronto Sound Studio closed some time in the ’80s, and is now the site of a facility that teaches English to immigrants.

It’s quite common for Rush fans to make a sort of pilgrimage to Toronto, and typically they’ll visit the building that is featured on the cover of the band’s Moving Pictures album, or Massey Hall, where the fabulous All The World’s A Stage live album was recorded in 1976 – yet this place, the source of their signature music and surely the most important Rush landmark in Toronto – the very Origin of Oracle: The Dream, the Nursery of Necromancer; the Singularity of Something For Nothing and the Cradle of Caress Of Steel, no less – seems to be completely overlooked.

One of the more questionable decisions of one of my predecessors at the firm in the Midlands where I work as a system manager was to locate their server infrastructure at a data centre in London, over ninety miles away. Within a few weeks of taking that job I had managed to persuade our managing director that we should relocate our stuff to a state-of-the-art and considerably closer data centre in Northampton. I came up with a plan to move everything with minimal downtime. I’d already moved some of our services to the new place, and by July I had negotiated some downtime with our customers to move the main servers.

On the morning of Friday, July 27th, I set off from my home in Leicestershire to collect the servers from London and take them to Northampton. But it turned out to be a traumatic data centre migration, for me anyway.

I have always been drawn to cheap, second-hand cars. I’ve often spent a couple of thousand pounds on a watch, but it seems like a waste of money to spend more than a few hundred on a car. My priorities are possibly a little skewed in that respect.

My present car, an old Rover 200, had been overheating over the previous few weeks. But it had a radiator leak, and I assumed that was the cause. I was confident that if I kept it topped up, it would get me to London, then Northampton and back. I took two large containers of water with me.

I left Leicestershire early, to give myself plenty of time. It was the day of the London Olympics opening ceremony – not the best day to be driving into London. And it was just as well I did, because there had been a serious accident on the M1 motorway which caused a huge delay. I spent an uncomfortable hour or so crawling along in stop-start traffic in the July heat.

But in the end, I approached London with time to spare. I planned to enter the “congestion charge” zone shortly after 6pm, so I could drive into the centre of the city for free – but I arrived in the outskirts of the city earlier than I intended, so I pulled into a quiet residential road, to park for twenty minutes or so. I perused Twitter and read the news on my Android phone.

It was nice to be in London for the opening of the Olympic Games. I had the radio on and was listening to news and conversation about the Games on Radio Five Live. I switched on the ignition again and the rest of the journey to the data centre was pleasantly uneventful. I entered the congestion charge zone at a few minutes past six. The traffic wasn’t as bad as I’d feared it might be.

I parked outside the London data centre, signed in, then made my way to the rack containing our various servers, equipment rails, power switches, disk storage units, routers and remarkable quantities of power and network cabling – all of which had to be removed, and packed into my car. I started to shut the servers down, then to dismantle everything.

I left the London data centre at about 10:45pm. It took longer to remove some of the equipment from the rack than I’d anticipated, and unfortunately it was a long way to carry all the stuff down to the car, over about five trips – but I wasn’t particularly bothered about that. I had plenty of time. The equipment was stuffed into the boot, the back seat and the passenger seat. I switched on the car radio to listen to news and discussion about the opening ceremony that I’d missed.

But as I made my way up through Islington and toward the A1 heading north, the car started to overheat badly .. I had to stop in a side street and top up the radiator under the cold glow of a street light. I was disturbed by that of course. The engine had had hours to cool down and the air temperature was much cooler now. But I assumed I’d just let the radiator leak out too much water.

However to my profound discomfort, the same thing happened again only a few miles up the A1, on the outskirts of North London. I’d only travelled about seven miles. I had sixty-five miles to go. I pulled into a nice suburban street off the A1 in Hampstead to let it cool for 15 minutes, topped it up thoroughly and burped the cooling system. Happily, it started to run normally for a bit. I steered the car up the A1, onto the M1 motorway and out of London.

I managed to get to the first services on the M1, six miles further on, without overheating. I replenished my supply of water from the gents’ toilets, topped the radiator up again, and let the engine cool for another ten minutes. Clearly, it was going to be a long night.

I’d got another twenty miles or so further up the motorway before the temperature needle started to climb again. I took the next junction off the M1 and topped the radiator up again at a building site a few hundred feet from the motorway. Needless to say, I was more than slightly stressed at this point. But I got back on the M1 and made it to the next services – Toddington I think – and repeated the exercise. I did the same again at Newport Pagnell, another twenty minutes up the road. It was a very uneasy ride along the motorway, glancing at the temperature gauge every few seconds. I’ll never forget the sinking feeling of seeing the needle start to climb on that gauge. I was taking it slow – it seemed less prone to overheating under 50 mph. But that just made the journey more agonising. The temptation to put my foot down a bit to get to the next services was surprisingly strong, yet I knew that would only diminish the probability of making it there.

I had managed to get onto the A45, only a tantalising five miles or so away from the comfort of the new data centre and the satisfaction of a mission accomplished, when the engine died.

It wouldn’t restart. I was in a horrendous position, just off a big roundabout on a main road into Northampton. From the grass verge, I called the AA – that’s the Automobile Association, the people who send a mechanic and a tow truck to your rescue – while watching the occasional huge lorry swerve round my car. But there was no answer. I gave up getting through to them after about ten minutes – they were extremely busy, even at 2:30 in the morning – and in desperation, attempted to restart the car again.

To my surprise, it did actually start, albeit it was running like a crippled dog through superglue-enhanced treacle. I limped it forward in third gear, watching the “distance to go” figure on the SatNav slowly ticking down .. three miles .. two and a half .. please just get me there!

It juddered to a halt again, with only one mile to go. This time I decided the game was up. I’d have to admit defeat, get the AA to take me home and borrow the other half’s Volkswagen Polo to take the servers back to Northampton the next day. I called them, and got through to an operator this time. He estimated that they’d have someone with me at 04:55. It was now about 3 AM.

I left the car and walked around in the ghostly light of a nearby industrial estate. I was starting to feel cold now, and vulnerable. I could hear shouting in the distance. After perhaps twenty-five minutes of this, I attempted to fire up the engine once again, more in desperation than expectation.

But to my surprise and delight, with a lot of encouragement from my foot on its accelerator pedal, my old motor coughed into life again. I carefully eased it into gear and delicately propelled it forward, glancing nervously at the SatNav every other second. To my relief I managed to nurse it to the security gate at the data centre, where it hissed oil-scented steam from the sides of the bonnet as I announced my arrival into the intercom.

My old Rover literally went that extra mile for the company. It snatched victory from the jaws of defeat with its dying breath. I’d made it. I was elated, or as elated as anyone can be at that time of the morning.

The security guard who was the only person present helped me to lift the bigger servers out of the car. A very helpful and friendly guy, I must say. I helped myself to some coffee and a packet of Swizzlers from the free sweet bucket to get my caffeine and blood sugar levels up a bit, then set to work bolting and cabling the stuff into the new rack. I decided to take it nice and slowly and make it an all-nighter, to give the AA time to work through their backlog of distressed motorists. The Olympic Games and the accident on the M1 had given them a busy night.

I’d bolted everything in, hooked everything up and checked the servers were all working properly and on the air with their new IP addresses, firewall configs, host files and so on by 06:25 or so. The AA man arrived at about 07:20. After a brief inspection, he confirmed my suspicion; the head gasket had blown. It wasn’t an economic repair. Not on that car, anyway.

He hooked the car up to the back of the tow truck while we exchanged small talk about the Olympics. I climbed into the cab, and we set off for home. I got there about an hour later, thanked the AA operative as he unhooked the dead Rover, then went to bed after dutifully listening to a lecture from my wife on the wisdom of buying cheap cars. A couple of days later I called a local company to come and take away the Rover for scrap. I think they gave me £150 for it.

I do hope I won’t have a day as memorable as that one in 2013. Happy New Year!